In this example my UNUSED DISK PARTITION is on /dev/sda4
*** THIS WILL ERASE ALL CONTENT IN /dev/sda4 ***
STEP 1 - PREPARE THE PARTITION TO TYPE: linux LVM
fdisk /dev/sdachange partition type by entering 't', '4', '31'
't' is for changing partition type
'4' is to select partition #4
'31' is to select Linux LVM partition type
check to make sure partition type has been set properly by pressing 'p' then ENTER, you should see something like this (I highlighted partition 4 which shows Linux LVM:
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 528383 524288 256M EFI System
/dev/sda3 528384 33554432 33026049 15.8G Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 33556480 586072334 552515855 263.5G Linux LVM
STEP 2 - CREATE PV, then VG, then LV
Every LVM volume involves creating these 3 types of sub lvm systems:
1. Physical volume (PV)
2. Volume group (VG) (I named mine vg_ssd_data)
3. Logical volume (LV) (I named mine lv_ssd_data)
Type the following commands:
pvcreate /dev/sda4
vgcreate vg_ssd_data /dev/sda4
lvs (this command is optional - only to display your logical volumes - see below)
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
data pve twi-a-tz-- 8.25g 0.00 0.55
root pve -wi-ao---- 3.75g
swap pve -wi-ao---- 1.88g
lv_ssd_data vg_ssd_data -wi-a----- 263.46g
STEP 3 - GET YOUR DEVICE MAPPER NAME
Enter the following command to display all your logical volumes, to get your device mapper path.
(I highlighted my logical volume which shows the device mapper path)
lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg_ssd_data/lv_ssd_data
LV Name lv_ssd_data
VG Name vg_ssd_data
LV UUID dDqnRP-1wt2-UHcI-gE3T-WYle-HtNB-cWbfis
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time e1, 2018-02-18 10:18:07 -0600
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 263.46 GiB
Current LE 67445
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:5
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/pve/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name pve
LV UUID QzAL07-mdzD-RoH5-ulXa-gwGt-FtTN-XRhA4q
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time proxmox, 2017-12-02 20:53:30 -0600
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 1.88 GiB
Current LE 480
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/pve/root
LV Name root
VG Name pve
LV UUID 2LuMFi-XzY9-TWNf-uiH3-qdAc-Y5Xa-r6ajdz
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time proxmox, 2017-12-02 20:53:30 -0600
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 3.75 GiB
Current LE 960
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name data
VG Name pve
LV UUID hBfLjZ-Zqib-TMwJ-7dQh-qBrJ-7XHZ-D1G2lQ
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time proxmox, 2017-12-02 20:53:30 -0600
LV Pool metadata data_tmeta
LV Pool data data_tdata
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 8.25 GiB
Allocated pool data 0.00%
Allocated metadata 0.55%
Current LE 2112
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:4
STEP 4 - MAKE THE EXT4 PARTITION
The command below will create the EXT4 partition:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_ssd_data/lv_ssd_data
the result should look similar to this:
mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
Discarding device blocks: done
Creating filesystem with 69063680 4k blocks and 17268736 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 123a79fb-226e-45b2-ab97-bdd8df335538
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
STEP 5 - CREATE THE DIRECTORY WHERE WE WILL MOUNT THE PARTITION
The following 2 commands will create a directory and set its partition to 777 (all access - this is just for my example - you probably want to restrict your permission)
mkdir /mnt/ssd_data
chmod -R 777 /mnt/ssd_data
STEP 6 - GET UUID USING COMMAND BLKID
The following command 'blkid' will show you the UUID which you will need to mount your newly created partition.
blkid
My result looks like:
/dev/sda2: UUID="72B0-472C" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="43003f1e-9cbd-461c-ba1f-b288196eaf8d"
/dev/sda3: UUID="ceYVkY-WxbN-UQME-i6Gt-frKB-rDeW-StrMMz" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="ac2082b2-aed1-432d-8102-86246ab4d738"
/dev/mapper/pve-swap: UUID="d44d4cfc-c6b2-4f75-b24a-a6ec99e6d748" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/pve-root: UUID="d41800f7-bf3a-42fb-bbd2-9f4519d99bd6" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda1: PARTUUID="491629a5-bea8-4a61-84a7-b4610e8b4607"
/dev/sda4: UUID="Iv347n-th9t-fC3v-UpUc-bHFN-LKOA-shD5Eg" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="bfc4c91b-148b-429c-a9eb-b6d80a1dd685"
/dev/sdb: PTUUID="05ca81c9-9745-4fb2-bd15-ced9e1525169" PTTYPE="gpt"
/dev/sdc: PTUUID="8e2952c8-96a6-4c41-a9a8-0ae9cde93182" PTTYPE="gpt"
/dev/mapper/vg_ssd_data-lv_ssd_data: UUID="123a79fb-226e-45b2-ab97-bdd8df335538" TYPE="ext4"
STEP 6 - ADDING YOUR PARTITION TO FSTAB
The following command, you will edit your FSTAB (filesystem table) to add a line which will tell your computer to AUTOMATICALLY MOUNT the partition everytime the computer starts (cold / warm start)
nano /etc/fstab
add the following line (note the UUID in RED and DIRECTORY in BLUE):
UUID=123a79fb-226e-45b2-ab97-bdd8df335538 /mnt/ssd_data ext4 defaults,noatime,nodiratime,noacl,data=writeback,barrier=0,nobh,errors=remount-ro 0 2
STEP 7 - FINALLY! MOUNT AND CHECK YOUR PARTITION FREE DISK SPACE
The following command will mount all your partition by reading your settings from the filesystem table (/etc/fstab)
mount -a
(mount -a does not have any output when successful)
The following command will show FREE DISK SPACE for all your MOUNTED PARTITIONS:
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 24G 0 24G 0% /dev
tmpfs 4.8G 9.2M 4.8G 1% /run
/dev/mapper/pve-root 3.7G 1.8G 1.7G 52% /
tmpfs 24G 45M 24G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 24G 0 24G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/fuse 30M 24K 30M 1% /etc/pve
tmpfs 4.8G 0 4.8G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg_ssd_data-lv_ssd_data 259G 61M 246G 1% /mnt/ssd_data
